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Work on the application of fly ash in oil and gas production is ongoing. Since the first successful frack was conducted in Southeastern Texas on the Pilosa No. 3 well over ten years ago, more than 100 new and refrack jobs have been successfully completed in both vertical and horizontal wells ...
Generic models, such as those used in the EPA’s 2014 and 2024 national risk assessments of coal combustion residual (CCR) units, often rely on conservative assumptions that may not reflect the complexity of site-specific conditions. When used as the sole basis for decision-making, these ...
In 2024, EPA under the Biden Administration finalized a sweeping expansion of the federal CCR regulations, and also finalized several enforcement settlements resolving alleged violations of the regulations in conjunction with the National Enforcement and Compliance Initiative ...
The EPA will announce changes to the CCR Legacy Rule, with the Notice of Proposed Rule Making expected in early 2026. While the scope is not yet clear, possible updates include new closure requirements for CCR units, allowance of risk-based approaches, and possible removal of CCR Management ...
Utility companies face complex decisions under the USEPA’s Legacy CCR Rule, which requires identifying and closing Coal Combustion Residual Management Units (CCRMUs). The rule allows two closure pathways, closure by removal or closure in place, each with distinct regulatory and ...
Federal rules (40 CFR Parts 9, 257 and 261) that regulate coal combustion residuals (CCR) created a significant demand associated with closure of coal ash management and storage facilities using liner systems. Timelines associated with these facility closures combined with substantial ...
As utilities advance corrective action programs to meet CCR Rule requirements, integrated closure strategies whether closure-by-removal (CBR) or hybrid/traditional approaches (HCIP and CIP) are essential for addressing groundwater impacts associated with coal combustion residual ...
Many legacy CCR impoundments are situated adjacent to streams and creeks. The Environmental Protection Agency has determined that the initial hazard potential classification for legacy impoundments (low, significant, or high) must be assigned by May 8, 2026. Hazard potential ...
The closure of Coal Combustion Residual (CCR) units during plant decommissioning introduces complex water management challenges that are critical to achieving regulatory compliance, environmental protection, and long-term site sustainability. Effective water management ...